Lietuvos Didžiosios Kunigaikštystės XVIII a. periodiniai leidiniai Lietuvos mokslų akademijos Vrublevskių bibliotekos fonduose

Abstract

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama periodinės spaudos pradžia Lietuvos Didžiojoje Kunigaikštystėje (LDK). XVIII amžiuje LDK Vilniuje ir Gardine pasirodė devynių pavadinimų laikraščiai: „Kurier Litewski“, 1760–1763; „Supplement do Gazet Wileńskich“, 1761–1792; „Wiadomości Literackie“, 1760–1763; „Wiadomości Cudzoziemskie“, 1760–1764); „Gazety Wileńskie“, 1764–1792 (1793?); „Addytament do Gazet Wileńskich“, (spausdintas nereguliariai); „Gazeta Grodzieńska“, 1775–1783; „Wiadomości Grodzienskie“, 1792; „Gazeta Narodowa Wileńska“, 1794. Straipsnyje aprašomi Lietuvos mokslų akademijos Vrublevskių bibliotekoje saugomi XVIII a. LDK periodinių leidinių komplektai, aptariami juose esantys knygos ženklai.

A valuable part of the Old Periodical collections in the Rare Book Department in the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences is made up by 18th century periodicals of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania (GDL). Newspapers printed in Western Europe first appeared in the early 17th century. The first GDL periodicals emerged in the second half of the 18th century. The publishing of periodicals was limited by low literacy levels in the GDL, slow growth of city, poor state of roads and the related malfunctioning of postal service. In 1760–1794, nine titles of newspapers came out in Vilnius and Grodno. The GDL’s first periodical, “Kurier Litewski”, with supplements “Wiadomości Literackie”, “Wiadomości Cudzoziemskie” and “Supplement do Gazet Wileńskich” started coming out in 1760 in the printing house of Vilnius Academy. It was edited by the prefects of the printing house: Pranciškus Paprockis, Aleksandras Januškevičius and others. In 1763 the printing house of the Vilnius Academy reorganized the publishing of its newspapers. The production of “Kurier Litewski” and its supplements was stopped. In 1764, the newspaper “Gazety Wileńskie” started to be published and it continued until 1793. In total, the printing house of the Vilnius Academy in 1760–1794 published 35 sets of periodicals. Another GDL centre of periodical publishing in the 18th century was Grodno, a city where two titles of periodicals – “Gazeta Grodzieńska” (1775–1783) and “Wiadomości Grodzienskie” (1792) – came out. Seven titles of newspapers are kept in the Old Periodical holdings of the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences. There is not a single title for which complete sets have been collected; however, no other library has them either. The periodicals from the library’s holdings bear numerous book markings: manuscript inscriptions, labels, stamps of personal and institution libraries, supralibros. The binding of “Kurier Litewski” for 1760 and 1763 is decorated by the supralibros of the Vilnius Public Library, while the sets of “Gazety Wileńskie” for 1770 and 1771 have stamps of the Library of the Vilnius Medical Society (1805–1914, 1920–1939). Book markings provide valuable information about former owners of the publications.