George’as Sartonas ir Izidė: mokslo istorijos bibliografijos paradigma

Abstract

Straipsnyje siekiama atskleisti pirmojo pasaulyje mokslo istorijos žurnalo Isis (Izidė) ir jo priedo, skirto mokslo istorijos bibliografijai Isis Cumulative Bibliography, IsisCB (Isis jungtinė bibliografija), įkūrimo aplinkybes bei raidos pakopas, aptarti žurnalo įkūrėjo George’o Sartono požiūrį į mokslo istorijos bibliografiją, jo keltus uždavinius mokslo istoriko veiklai. Apžvelgiamos mokslo istorijos bibliografijos pateikimo duomenų bazėse naujovės. Esminiai žodžiai: bibliografija; mokslo istorija; moksliniai žurnalai; duomenų bazės. Keywords: bibliography; history of science; scientific journals; databases.

Paper discuses a bibliographical experience of over one hundred years advocated by a first journal of history of science – Isis. The journal was established by a Belgian mathematician and a pioneer of history of science George Sarton (1884–1956), in Belgium, in 1913. The first volume of a journal already held a substantial bibliographical material – a critical bibliography on history of science, including an introduction and address to the world community of historians of science. G. Sarton introduced idea of compiling a bibliography of science as an urgent and important task, which does not tent to be complete in the first volume, but hopes to introduce the most important information from the whole world. G. Sarton acknowledges his intention to sift scientific material from “amussette”, though the latter material is also allowed to a bibliography to give it some “spirit”. Classification was the second main task G. Sarton seeks for the bibliographical material. The classification system he created was partly influenced by ideas of Augustus Comte (1798–1857) and Wilhelm Ostwald (1853–1932) and was only slightly altered during last decades. Bibliographical material was taking over a space of scientific journals, so it was decided to publish an additional volume Isis Current Bibliography (IsisCB), completely dedicated to a history of science bibliography. The editorial board took over G. Sarton‘s idea of to “store all records, century by century”, and issued several cumulative indexes for bibliographical material of 1913–1965 (90 volumes) and 1965–1975 (91–100 volumes). In the beginning of 21st century. IsisCB was transferred to a platform with an open access to the whole bibliographical data. The paper argues scientometrical and prosopographical issues of the IsisCB and a heritage of history of science in a digital form.